In the past, lung cancer was considered a disease primarily linked to smoking. However, today it is recognized as a complex disease with multiple subtypes, driven by various genetic mutations. Global Cancer Statistics indicate that 1 in 5 men and women worldwide will develop cancer during their lifetime, and 1 in 8 men and 1 in 11 women will die from it.

Lung cancer is the second most common cancer globally but remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, responsible for 1.76 million deaths annually. Each year, lung cancer claims more lives than breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers combined.

More than 2.2 million people worldwide are diagnosed with lung cancer each year.

Lung cancer develops when abnormal cells in the lungs grow uncontrollably. While it often originates from a single site in one lung, it can also arise from multiple locations simultaneously. Cancer cells can spread to the lungs, nearby tissues, or other parts of the body. The most common sites of lung cancer metastasis include the lymph nodes, liver, central nervous system (brain), bones, and adrenal glands. Additionally, lung cancer can spread to different lobes of the lungs or the opposite lung.